BIOLOGI LAUT Ocean Productivity.

Slides:



Advertisements
Presentasi serupa
Suhu, Turbidity, Konduktivitas
Advertisements

Jurusan Pendidikan Teknik Sipil dan Perencanaan
MASSA DAN SIRKULASI AIR LAUT
Minggu ke-10 Anaerobic Digestion
Halocline, Termocline,dan Pycnocline
CHAPTER 2 THERMOCHEMISTRY.
Ikatan tunggal Karbon ke Oksigen
NUTRIEN: NITROGEN SIGID HARIYADI Dep. Manajemen Sumberdaya Perairan
Fotosintesis Powerpoint Templates
Phylum Porifera The Sponges Phylum Porifera.
its about.. An understanding of the ways individual plants and their physiology are impacted by different factors of the environment is an essential.
Chapter 10 – The Design of Feedback Control Systems PID Compensation Networks.
Keuangan dan Akuntansi Proyek Modul 2: BASIC TOOLS CHRISTIONO UTOMO, Ph.D. Bidang Manajemen Proyek ITS 2011.
CHARACTERISTIC OF LIVING THINGS. These are characteristics of living organisms All living things are made of cells.
The Three Principle Cooking Methods Dry Heat Moist Heat Combination Method.
Dissolved Oxygen The Good Gas. Photosynthesis: Your one-stop shop for all of your oxygen needs! Carbon Dioxide (from air) Water (from ground) Oxygen (to.
by Ida Rianawaty FOTOSINTESIS PHOTOSYNTHESIS by IDA RIANAWATY by Ida Rianawaty.
Kimia Organik Organic chemistry is the branch of chemistry that deals with carbon compounds. Kimia organik adalah cabang ilmu kimia yang banyak membahas.
Respirasi.
SIKLUS BIOGEOKIMIA.
Perairan Tergenang Saifullah, S.Pi., M.Si MK. Limnologi Pertemuan 2
ALIRAN ENERGI DALAM EKOSISTEM
ESTUARI ESTUARI : DAERAH PANTAI SEMI TERTUTUP DIMANA AIR LAUT
Konstruksi Persamaan Laju
Sistem Gas Buang Sepeda Motor
ARUS ENERGI DALAM EKOSISTEM
COLLIGATIVENATURE SOLUTION
Makalah B I o l o g I u m u m Di susun oleh Nama : mulhisoh Kelas : b
CLASS X SEMESTER 2 SMKN 7 BANDUNG
4 SIKLUS BIOGEOKIMIA DUA TIPE SIKLUS BIOGEOKIMIA:
III. ENERGI Hukum THERMODINAMIKA I
Lecture 7 Thermodynamic Cycles
1. Photoelectric effect photon K A V Potentiometer electron
MARINE ECOSYSTEM Ecological Interest: 1. Laut itu luas
Air dalam Budidaya Perikanan
Titik Pangkal), Garis Pangkal dan Zona Maritim
FRESH WATER ECOLOGY Ada dua habitat Fresh water:
Metabolisme Karbohidrat-2 (Glikolisis, Fermentasi alkohol dan fermentasi asam laktat) (5) Drs. Sutarno, MSc., PhD.
CLASS X SEMESTER 2 SMKN 7 BANDUNG
JARINGAN MAKANAN DALAM KOLAM
Fotosintesis.
EKOLOGI PERAIRAN Semester III PERIKANAN.
PLANTS AND ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS
Disusun oleh: Etiva Luxki Santoni
Food Chains and Food Webs
PHOTOSYNTHESIS.
SIFAT FISIK DAN KIMIA AIR LAUT(2)
KELAS XII SEMESTER 5 (GANJIL)
Fish farming is one of themost rapidly developing food sectors in the world recently surpassing beef production on land (FAO, 2013, 2014). In Southeast.
LAMUN SEA GRASS.
Kimia Organik.
Master data Management
OSEANOGRAFI FISIKA BATHYMETRI.
METALOGRAFI difusi.
JOKO MARYANTO KIMIA-1 (TKG 113).
1 of 40© Boardworks Ltd of 40© Boardworks Ltd 2007.
KARAKTERISTIK LIMBAH TERNAK
AIR STRIPPING The removal of volatile contaminants from water and contaminated soils.
FOTOSINTESIS Proses yang mengubah energi matahari menjadi energi kimia.
Algae: Overview and Importance for Earth’s Atmosphere.
Hardoko FAKULTAS PERIKANAN DAN ILMU KELAUTAN UNIVERSITAS BRAWIJAYA
By Yulius Suprianto Macroeconomics | 02 Maret 2019 Chapter-5: The Standard of Living Over Time and A Cross Countries Source: http//
Right, indonesia is a wonderful country who rich in power energy not only in term of number but also diversity. Energy needs in indonesia are increasingly.
EKOLOGI UMUM OKTOBER 2018 SARI MARLINA, M.Si UM PALANGKARAYA.
The planets in our Solar System. * * * * * *
Chemistry More free powerpoints at This Powerpoint is hosted on Please visit for.
Fotosintesis Tempat Fotosintesis Faktor Fotosintesis 4.
Mechanisms of Past Climate Change (16:375:553) Fall 2007 El Niño, La Niña and the Southern Oscillation.
LOGO JELLY POWDER : KONNYAKU AND CARRAGENAN. KONNYAKU Originally from Japan 1 Made from konjac potatoes also known as “iles-iles” (Amorphophallus konjac)
Transcript presentasi:

BIOLOGI LAUT Ocean Productivity

Mengapa Penting ? Kehidupan dilaut sangat terkait erat dengan variasi temporal dan spasial dari produktivitas primer

Pengertian Produktivitas Primer adalah laju pembentukan senyawa-senyawa organik yang kaya energi dari senyawa-senyawa anorganik. Jumlah seluruh bahan organik yang terbentuk dalam proses produksivitas dinamakan produksi primer kotor, atau produksi total Produksi primer bersih adalah istilah yang digunakan bagi jumlah sisa produksi primer kotor setelah sebagian digunakan untuk respirasi.

Produksi primer kotor maupun bersih pada umumnya dinyatakan dalam jumlah gram karbon (C) yang terikat per satuan luas atau volume air laut per interval waktu. Jadi, produksi dapat dilaporkan sebagai jumlah gram karbon per m2 per hari (gC/m2/hari)

Photosynthesis What is photosynthesis? What are autotrophs? 6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2 Solar energy Fig. 4.5 new organic compounds Solar energy powers the reaction Carbon dioxide and water used to make glucose Oxygen gas is released as a by-product inorganic materials

Fotosintesis Merupakan suatu proses biokimia untuk memproduksi energi terpakai (nutrisi) dengan memanfaatkan energi cahaya. Hampir semua makhluk hidup bergantung dari energi yang dihasilkan dalam fotosintesis. 12H2O + 6CO2 + cahaya → C6H12O6 (glukosa) + 6O2+ 6H2O

Respirasi Respirasi adalah suatu proses pengambilan O2 untuk memecah senyawa-senyawa organik menjadi CO2, H2O dan energi. C6H12O6 + O2 ------ 6CO2 + H2O + energi

biological pyramid

Sources of marine production Sekitar 90% dari produksi primer berasal dari phytoplankton (oceanic and coastal) Macroalgae menyumbang sekitar 5% Sisanya berasal dari beberapa sumber seperti mangroves, reef algae, seagrasses, marsh plants

Faktor Pembatas Produktivitas Primer 1) Light 2) Temperature 3) Nutrients a. Phosphorous-phosphates b. Nitrogen- ammonia, nitrate, nitrite c. Potassium 4) Dissolved gases - carbon dioxide and oxygen

Cahaya Lautan meliputi 71% dari permukaan bumi, Tetapi sebagian besar mempunyai kedalaman >1km Hampir semua produksi terjadi di continental shelf waters < 200 m deep (only 7-8% of ocean)

Available light levels fall rapidly with depth Longer wavelengths absorbed at surface Photosynthesis restricted to upper water column in turbid coastal areas

Compensation depth Kedalaman dimana laju fotosintesis sama dengan laju respirasi Perairan dangkal mengandung banyak cahaya, sehingga fotosintesis lebih besar daripada respirasi Perairan dalam mempunyai sedikit cahaya sehingga respirasi lebih besar dari pada fotosintesis

Temperature In addition to light levels, temperature also decreases with depth Formation of thermocline Thermocline shifts seasonally depending on wind stress

Thermoklin

Nutrient limitation Stratification prevents plankton from sinking below compensation depth, but also prevents nutrient transfer up from deep waters Leads to seasonal and spatial variation in production

Spatial and temporal variation in primary productivity Climate variation (temp, winds) leads to latitudinal variation in production Different seasonal patterns at temperate, polar, and tropical latitudes

Regional productivity

POLAR Availability of sunlight High nutrients due to upwelling of North Atlantic Deep Water – No thermocline – No barrier to vertical mixing Blue whales migrate to feed on maximum zooplankton productivity

Winter darkness Summer sunlight Phytoplankton (diatoms) bloom Zooplankton (mainly small crustaceans) productivity follows Example Arctic Ocean

Tropical Permanent thermocline is barrier to vertical mixing

Low rate of primary productivity (lack of nutrients) High primary productivity in areas of Equatorial upwelling Coastal upwelling Coral reefs – Symbiotic algae – Recycle nutrients within the ecosystem

Temperate

Limited by both available sunlight and available nutrients Highly seasonal pattern

Marine Primary Production • Production is highest in continental margins and shallow seas, because – Upwelling transports nutrients to the surface – Nutrient runoff from land

Fate of primary production About 90% of surface biomass decomposed in surface ocean About 10% sinks to deeper ocean Only 1% organic matter not decomposed in deep ocean Biological pump (CO2 and nutrients to sea floor sediments)

Metode Pengukuran

14C Method Now primary productivity is measured using radioactive carbon (14C) Paired light and dark bottles are injected with a known quantity of bicarbonate containing labeled 14C Amount of assimilated radioactive carbon is measured and net primary productivity is then computed using a conversion factor This method is much more accurate than the oxygen measurements, particularly when the productivity is very low

Next Week Topic Kehidupan di Laut : Food Chain dan Food Web