ENGINEERING SCIENCE IS ABOUT SOLVING PROBLEMS oleh: Rhiza S. Sadjad e-mail: rhiza@unhas.ac.id, URL: http: //www.unhas.ac.id/~rhiza/ 9/16/2018

Engineering Research ……………. Pemodelan dan Simulasi Analisis Desain Prototyping Optimisasi 9/16/2018

Engineering Research ……………. MASALAH SIMULASI PEMODELAN ANALISIS DESAIN PROTOTYPING Faktor-faktor non-teknis OPTIMISASI SOLUSI 9/16/2018

Scientific Research ……………. Qualitative Research Quantitative Research Engineering Research ……………. umumnya kuantitatif, kecuali beberapa jenis riset dalam bidang, antara lain misalnya: Arsitektur Manajemen 9/16/2018

Quantitative Research berbeda dari Qualitative Research: Dari: Quantitative Research.htm The data is usually gathered using more structured research instruments The results provide less detail on behavior, attitudes and motivation The results are based on larger sample sizes that are representative of the population The research can usually be replicated or repeated, given it high reliability The analysis of the results is more objective. 9/16/2018

Quantitative Research Dari: Quantitative Research.htm 9/16/2018

Quantitative Research berbeda dari Qualitative Research, khususnya untuk Engineering Research: Tidak hanya kata-kata, tapi banyak data dalam angka Tidak hanya definisi dan pernyataan, tapi ada perumusan dalam formula Tidak hanya pengaruh independent variables terhadap dependent variables, tapi bagaimana fungsi dan/atau relasi-nya. Selalu melibatkan uji-coba dan/atau pengukuran Sedapat mungkin dihindari penggunaan kata yang bersifat relatif.. 9/16/2018

……… lebih jauh tentang Quantitative Research …………….. Dari: Quantitative Research Design.htm Types of research design  Descriptive or observational case case series cross-sectional cohort or prospective or longitudinal case-control or retrospective Experimental or longitudinal or repeated-measures without a control group     time series     crossover with a control group 9/16/2018

……… lebih jauh tentang Quantitative Research …………….. Dari: Quantitative Research Design.htm In quantitative research your aim is to determine the relationship between one thing (an independent variable) and another (a dependent or outcome variable) in a population. Quantitative research designs are either descriptive (subjects usually measured once) or experimental (subjects measured before and after a treatment). A descriptive study establishes only associations between variables. An experiment establishes causality. 9/16/2018

……… lebih jauh tentang Quantitative Research …………….. Dari: Quantitative Research Design.htm . For an accurate estimate of the relationship between variables, a descriptive study usually needs a sample of hundreds or even thousands of subjects; an experiment, especially a crossover, may need only tens of subjects. The estimate of the relationship is less likely to be biased if you have a high participation rate in a sample selected randomly from a population. In experiments, bias is also less likely if subjects are randomly assigned to treatments, and if subjects and researchers are blind to the identity of the treatments. 9/16/2018

……… lebih jauh tentang Quantitative Research …………….. Dari: Quantitative Research Design.htm     In all studies, subject characteristics can affect the relationship you are investigating. Limit their effect either by using a less heterogeneous sample of subjects or preferably by measuring the characteristics and including them in the analysis. In an experiment, try to measure variables that might explain the mechanism of the treatment. 9/16/2018

Engineering Research ………… Contoh sederhana: SAKLAR (switches) Sumber Tegangan SAKLAR Lampu 9/16/2018

Pernyataan Kualitatif: Pada umumnya SAKLAR jika dipindahkan posisinya dari semula OFF (terbuka, open, padam) ke posisi ON (tertutup, closed, nyala), maka pada umumnya LAMPU akan menyala. Jika tidak, tentu ada “something wrong”, misalnya lampunya putus, sumber tegangannya “habis”, dlsb. Tapi ada satu kasus yang menarik, yaitu ketika SAKLAR posisinya dipindahkan, bukannya LAMPU-nya yang menyala, malahan SAKLAR-nya sendiri yang menyala, karena terbakar ………………. 9/16/2018

Quantitative Research ………….. Studi Arus dan Tegangan Listrik Studi Daya Listrik dan Panas Dissipasi Studi tentang Rating Arus dari SAKLAR Studi keandalan LAMPU (ketika SAKLAR di-nyala-padamkan secara periodik). Studi dinamik untuk LAMPU jenis TL ………… dan lain-lain 9/16/2018

Materi Diskusi Model Deterministik dan Model Stokhastik, Model Chaotic Kapan diperlukan statistik? More on: Qualitative Research (1) Qualitative Research (2) 9/16/2018

SELESAI The END THE END 9/16/2018