Work System Design “Work Measurement” Hardianto Iridiastadi, Ph.D.
Introduction What we have learned… –Identify operation problems and issues –Analyze and evaluate –Propose improvement What next… –Standardize the work –Establish time standards
Introduction Why standardize times –A “fair day’s work” –Evaluating workload –Basis for improvement & for comparing methods –Methods for control –Capacity –Routing and scheduling –Balancing –Cost estimating, MRP, and other mgt. functions –Performance appraisal and incentives
Introduction Time study = work measurement –“concerns with determining how much time it should take to complete a unit of work” How to determine standard times –Estimates –Historical records of previous prod. runs –Work measurements Direct time study, predetermined motion time, standard data, and work sampling
Standard Times Definition –Amount of work that can be produced by a qualified employee when working at a normal pace and effectively utilizing his time when work is not restricted by process limitations –Should be fair to employees and company –Should include “allowance”
Requirements Purpose –New vs. old job –Modified work –Elemental vs. entire tasks Work methods and conditions –Correct methods –Standardized –Tools, speeds, feeds, lubricants, material, etc.
Requirements Notify workers –Explain objectives –Seek cooperation –Competent and with adequate experience –Union’s agreement
Time Study Equipment Stopwatch Electronic stopwatch Time study board Videotape cameras Time study forms PDAs
Time Study Elements Choosing operator Recording significant information Positioning the observer Dividing operations into elements Required number of cycles –Example 8-1 (NS, p.341)
Class Activity Watch a video clip Determine time standard for the operation Determine the capacity for the workstation What issues need to be addressed?