The Secret of CREATIVE WRITING Fakultas Komunikasi & Fakultas Art and Design Universitas Multimedia Nusantara R. Masri Sareb Putra, DRS.

Bobot: 3 SKS (2-1), MKK Kompetensi dasar: Setelah mengikuti perkuliahan Creavite Writing, Anda diharapkan dapat: Memahami definisi dan deskripsi creative writing. Memahami ruang lingkup creative writing Memahami ragam creative writing Dapat menulis dan memupblikasikan creative writing.

Definisi Creative Writing “Creative writing” (CW) terdiri atas kata: creative dan writing. Creative dari kata Latin creatio yang berarti: ciptaan. Adapun writing berarti: tulisan. Jadi, CW ialah: tulisan terstruktur yang sarat dengan ide-ide baru (inovatif) yang menghibur, berguna, dan mencerahkan (bdk. Horatius, pujangga Romawi kuna, bhw sastra (ars scribendi) mesti: dulce (indah) dan utile (berguna).

Creative dapat dimengerti sebagai: Memunyai kemampuan, atau daya, untuk mencipta suatu karya imaginatif (a creative imagination). Menggerakkan, membangun, mencipta, dan menghasilkan "karya kreatif“ dan inovatif. Konsep, desain, dan artwork dalam dunia periklanan.

The Oxford English Dictionary Online (2006) Menganjurkan agar creative writing dipahami sebagai tulisan yang mengandung dimensi imaginasi dan intelegensi sekaligus: “imaginative; exhibiting imagination as well as intellect, and thus differentiated from the merely critical, ‘academic’, journalistic, professional, mechanical, etc., in literary or artistic production. So creative writing, such writing” (3b)

The Random House Dictionary of the English Language (1969) menggunakan creative untuk mengilustrasikan:”resulting from originality of thought, expression, etc..: creative writing.” “Imagination” receives this treatment: “ability to meet and resolve difficulties; resourcefulness (6)”.

To sharp & develop thinking skills Definisi tadi lantas diadopsi dunia akademik yang mengacu pada pengembangan thinking skills (keterampilan berpikir), melalui kegiatan creative writing. Dalam sebuah tulisan kreatif, dapat direkonstruksi pemikiran penulisnya: alur, logika, validitas, kesahihan, kebenaran, maupun sudut pandangnya. Karena itu, keterampilan menulis tidak dapat dipisahkan dari keterampilan berpikir.

Penekanan MK “creative writing” di perguruan tinggi, terutama di Fakultas Komunikasi & Fakultas Seni dan Desain, menekankan: proses kreatif, kejujuran, dan kesantunan dalam berkomunikasi (tulisan): Mengumpulkan ide (idea collection/inventio): Lewat berbagai teknik brainstorming untuk mengumpulkan pemikiran yang terarah pada topik khusus. Pemetaan ide (idea mapping): Membuat pemetaan pikiran untuk mengorganisasikan pemikiran secara terstruktur. Menuangkankan ide ke dalam bentuk tulisan.

Dua besar genre CW Creative writing dapat dibagi menjadi dua: (1) creative fiction dan (2) creative-non fiction. Keduanya memiliki kesamaan, sekaligus perbedaan. Meski beragam, yang sama ialah keduanya bertumpu pada isi (content) yang hendak disampaikan dan cara penyampaian (tools) termasuk bahasa, EYD, dan teknik bercerita (story telling).

Ragam CW nonfiksi Article/opinion/essay Travel essays Book writing Column /personal essay Profiles Culture criticism Memoirs Book/film/music review Ad-writing/copy writing Newsletter/leaflet/folder/flier/ booklet

Ragam CW Fiksi Short story writing Novella/novel writing Comic writing Drama writing Poetry writing Scenario writing Screen writing (stage/comic) Song writing

Menulis=keterampilan bakat Writing = skill, not talent Skill = salah satu modal dasar untuk hidup. Kecerdasan verbal dan linguistik (wordsmart) menurut Prof. Howard Gardner Menulis penting: (1) terampil menuangkan gagasan (2) sebagai profesi (3) terkenal (4) selebriti (5) sehat

Unsur pokok dlm. tulisan Tulisan. Akar katanya “tulis”. Mendapat prefiks ke-an yang berarti: ada huruf (angka dsb.) yang dibuat (digurat) dengan pena (pensil, cat, dsb. Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI), 2001: 1219). Sekurang-kurangnya, terdapat dua unsur dalam tulisan: Ada pesan (sesuatu) yang hendak dikomunikasikan, atau disampaikan, kepada orang lain. Sebagai pelengkap (tulisan), ada kegiatan yang menyertainya, seperti: menggurat, mengukir, menakik, menulis, dan mencetak.

Masa depan penulis Bagus sekali. Bahkan, bisa kaya, dan memang kaya. Media cetak makin berkembang. Situs web makin trendy: Web master. PR multimedia Lihat: 101 Writing Businesses You Can Start from Home ttg. peluang karier.

Penulis dulu vs sekarang Penulis zaman dulu

Penulis sekarang

Kamar kerja penulis zaman kini

Tekad, bukan bakat dan alat. Tekad = 95%. Alat dan bakat = 5% Modal menulis Tekad, bukan bakat dan alat. Tekad = 95%. Alat dan bakat = 5% Rata-rata penulis/pengarang bukan dari keturunan.

Pertama, ide. Kedua, bahasa. Ketiga, alat. Modal lain… Modal lain menulis dan menghasilkan cerita. Pertama, ide. Kedua, bahasa. Ketiga, alat.

The Secret of Creative Writing 1. SHORT STORY Why? Short story is the prototype/model of creative fiction. 2. COMIC STORY 3. ARTICLE/OPINION. Model of creative nonfiction.

The Secret of Creative Writing 1. SHORT STORY Speed writing (menulis sangat cepat): ialah keterampilan yg bisa dipelajari siapa saja. Caranya? Dengan mengubah SELURUH ELEMEN cerita yang sudah Anda ketahui. Ubah, sampai tidak bisa ditelusuri lagi. Itulah kegiatan “copy the master”, yakni proses kreatif mengubah semua elemen asli (master) cerita menjadi milik kita sendiri. Jangan sampai hasil akhir copy the master dengan master melebihi 10%.

Copy the Master… Setting Characterization Plot Conflict Climax Resolution Theme Point of view Ending

Master dan copy the master The art of writing: your voice is your voice (be your self)! Semua elemen dan hasil akhir copy the master jangan SAMA atau LEBIH 10% dari masternya. Sama dengan atau lebih dari 10% adalah tindak/karya plagiat. Karena itu, melanggar UU Hak Cipta

Genre prosa rakyat (short story) Mite/mitos (myth) Tokohnya dewa atau setengah dewa, terjadi di dunia lain, dunia yg bukan dunia kita, pada masa lampau. Misal: Dewi Sri. Dongeng = tidak dianggap benar-benar terjadi, tidak terikat waktu dan tempat.

Genre…. 2. Legenda (legend) = mirip mite, dianggap pernah benar-benar terjadi, tidak dianggap suci. Tokohnya manusia, walau kadang luar biasa, sering dibantu makhluk ajaib. Setting: dunia yg kita kenal, terjadi blm terlalu lama. Jan Harold Brunvand membagi legenda ke dalam 4 ragam: (1) legenda keagamaan (cerita orang suci/dlm. Tradisi Katolik – hagiografi), (2) legenda alam gaib, mis. Sundel Bolong (supernatural legends), (3) legenda perseorangan (personal legends) mis. Jayaprana, dan (4) legenda setempat (local legends), misal Tangkuban Prahu, Asal Mula Gunung Batok.

Genre.. 3. Dongeng Tidak dianggap benar-benar terjadi, tidak terikat waktu dan tempat. Dongeng binatang Dongeng biasa Lelucon dan anekdot Dongeng berumus (formula tales)

Genre… 4. Science fiction Kisah fiksi berlatar ilmu pengetahuan. Sbg contoh karya-karya L. Ron Hubbard. 5. Fantasi modern. Apa pun genrenya, yang jelas, elemen-elemen short story selalu bentuknya pakem yang diterima sebagai kebenaran universal.

Definition of a Short Story Tells about a single event or experience Fictional (not true) 500 to 15.000 words in length It has a beginning, middle, and end Creates an impression on the reader

Elements of a Short Story Setting Character Plot Conflict Climax Resolution Theme Point of view Ending

Tells the reader where and when the story takes place. Elements…. Setting: Tells the reader where and when the story takes place.

Setting….. The specific place and time of the story’s events (can include multiple places and different times) Provides backdrop for the action Establishes time, timespan (length of action), and mood (atmosphere) Shapes character and action of plot

Protagonist: main character who undergoes some kind Elements… Character: A person, an animal, or a force of nature that is presented as a person Protagonist: main character who undergoes some kind of change in the story Antagonist: character that the main character contends with (villain, animal, force of nature, or other set of circumstances)

Elements… Plot: A series of events through which the writer reveals what is happening, to whom, and why.

Plot… The action of the story; the beginning, middle, and end of a work of fiction 3 keys to a successful plot: Pace (how quickly does the story move?) Plausibility (can we believe the story?) Character (can the reader identify with them enough?)

Plot…. The action of the story; the beginning, middle, and end of a work of fiction 3 keys to a successful plot: Pace (how quickly does the story move?) Plausibility (can we believe the story?) Character (can the reader identify with them enough?)

Plot… Parts of a Plot Every plot has the same basic structure: Exposition Rising action (complications) Climax Falling action Resolution (denouement)

Conflict: Is a problem in the story that needs to be resolved. Elements… Conflict: Is a problem in the story that needs to be resolved.

Conflict… The problem(s) the main character will face in the story The conflict is the so what? part — why are you writing it and why should I read it? Conflict is the reason we read stories

Types of Conflict Character vs. Character Character vs. Society Character has issues with some tradition or rule in society Character vs. Nature Character is at odds with forces of nature (cold, hurricane, ocean, mountain, etc.) Character vs. Self Character struggles with an internal problem or decision Character vs. Fate Character has conflict with something he cannot control (death, destiny, God, luck, etc.)

Climax: When the action comes to its highest point of conflict. Story Vocabulary Climax: When the action comes to its highest point of conflict.

Story Vocabulary Resolution: The story’s action after the climax until the end of the story. The “conclusion” of the story.

Story Vocabulary Theme: The story’s main ideas. The “message” the writer intends to communicate by telling the story.

Story Vocabulary Point of view: The position of the narrator of the story and what the writer sees from that vantage point.

Elements of a Short Story Setting Characterization Plot Conflict Climax Resolution Theme Point of view Ending

What great writers do? Short Story Great writers are able to use the elements of the short story with such precision that the reader is caught up in the action of the story. This is a mark of a good story and our goal as a writer.

Plot Diagram/The Story Mountain 3 4 2 1 5

1. Exposition Usually occurs at the beginning of a story. Here the characters are introduced.

2. Rising Action This part of the story begins to develop the conflict(s). A building of interest or suspense occurs.

3. Climax This is the turning point of the story. Usually the main character comes face to face with a conflict.

4. Falling Action All loose ends of the plot are tied up. The conflict(s) and climax are taken care of.

5. Resolution The end /the “conclusion” of the story.

Putting It All Together 1. Exposition Beginning of Story 2. Rising Action Middle of Story 3. Climax 4. Falling Action End of Story 5. Resolution

Spider diagram/Mind Maps Now that you've gathered your thoughts, you are ready to organize them into a structure based on how they relate to each other. This leads us to.

Kalimat (sastra) yang baik: Makismal 8 kata satu kalimat. Bahasa populer, keseharian. Wajar Satu ide, satu alinea. Ganti dialog, ganti alinea.

How to write a short story? Try it by doing. The Greatest Short Stories are Never Finished!

If you want to be success, do what success-people do. A success-writer do is dare to fail and learn from his/her failure.

What Aristotle said? We are what we repeatedly do. Excellence, then, is not an ACT but a HABIT. Kita ialah apa yang senantiasa kita ulang. Hebat luar biasa, karena itu, bukan TINDAKAN tapi hanya soal KEBIASAAN saja Terampil menulis juga karena kebiasaan. TERIMA KASIH!

Materi UAS Semua materi power point ini Lembar2 fotokopi Wordsmart dan peluang karier Lembar2 fotokopi Puisi: melukis dengan kata-kata Lembar2 fotokopi How to Write an Article: A Guide to Writing for Newspapers

Term: korelasi isi (komprehensi) dan luas (ekstensinya), merangkai isi dan/atau luas term menjadi kalimat, kalimat menjadi wacana. Misal: jalan tikus, air jernih, sawah asri, desa permai, kampung sunyi Fog index, rumusan, cara menghitung, manfaat, dan siapa yang menemukannya? Fotokopi bab 7 “Setiap wacana berawal dari Sepatah Kata” dan Bab 8 “Merangkai Term sebagai Unsur Penalaran”

10 kategori dan contohnya Ingat kembali novel yang pernah Anda baca (tugas meringkas dan membuat the story mountain) serta mencatat kalimat menarik. Buku 101 Hari Menulis & Menerbitkan Novel, halaman 1-14, 37-41