PERCEPTION OF URBAN ENVIRONMENT PERCEPTUAL DIMENSION OF URBAN SPACE ………………… give the meaning to a city Johannes Parlindungan Siregar

CONCEPT SENSES Vision Hearing Smell Touch BIOLOGICAL PROCESS Sensory Interaction BIOLOGICAL PROCESS Carmona et al, 2003

SOCIALLY & CULTURALLY “LEARNT” 4 DIMENSIONS of PERCEPTION (Itteson: 1978 in Carmona et al;2003) COGNITIVE. AFFECTIVE. INTERPRETATIVE. EVALUATIVE. BIOLOGICAL PROCESS SOCIALLY & CULTURALLY “LEARNT” PERCEPTION Carmona et al, 2003

SOCIALLY & CULTURALLY “LEARNT” ENVIRONMENT as “MENTAL CONSTRUCT” BIOLOGICAL PROCESS SOCIALLY & CULTURALLY “LEARNT” MONTGOMERY (1998 in Carmona et al:2003): IDENTITY, what a place is actually like. IMAGE, combination of identity with individual perception. PERCEPTION Carmona et al, 2003

How the Mental Map works Carmona et al, 2003 IMAGES IDENTITY STRUCTURE MEANING Identity : linier, street corridor Structure : connects education & commercial district Meaning : memorable place

How a city becomes a “place” PATH EDGE DISTRICT NODE LANDMARK MENTAL MAP IDENTITY STRUCTURE MEANING DEPICT SOMEONE’S COGNITION ABOUT IDENTITY, STRUCTURE & MEANING OF A CITY / NEIGHBOURHOOD

THE PROCESS of CREATING MEANING (SIGNIFICATION) SIGNIFIED Mental image / concept SIGNIFIER Things that give meaning COW ICONIC SIGN INDEXICAL SIGN SYMBOLIC SIGN

ICONIC SIGN “JALAN BERBELOK” SIGNIFIER SIGNIFIED

INDEXICAL SIGN MUSIC STORE SIGNIFIED SIGNIFIER SIGNIFIED SIGNIFIER

‘FAST-DEVELOPMENT ERA”, SYMBOLIC SIGN ‘FAST-DEVELOPMENT ERA”, “INDEPENDENCE” SIGNIFIER SIGNIFIED

Material symbolism Nas,2011 SIMBOL YANG KOMPONEN “SIGNIFIED” – NYA TERBENTUK SECARA FISIK DAN PERMANEN, BIASANYA MENGGAMBARKAN STRUKTUR SEJARAH ATAU NILAI TERTENTU.

Discursive symbolism Nas,2011 SIMBOL DISAMPAIKAN MELALUI MEDIA.

Iconic symbolism Nas,2011 SIMBOL BERISI REPUTASI SESEORANG ATAU SEKELOMPOK ORANG YANG BIASANYA BERNILAI SAKRAL / PROFAN.

Behavioral symbolism Nas,2011 SIMBOL YANG TERBENTUK DARI PERILAKU/AKTIVITAS, RITUAL ATAU PERAYAAN MASSAL.

Emotional symbolism Nas,2011 SIMBOL YANG MENGEKSPRESIKAN PERASAAN ATAU EMOSI MANUSIA.

Mental map indicating positive and negative emotions

BIBLIOGRAPHY Carmona et al (2003) Public place, urban space; Architectural press Nas, Peter (2011) Cities full of symbols