Korban dan Sistem Peradilan Pidana Kuliah 13

Korban kejahatan adalah “…the neglected player in the justice system…” Ironis, apabila kita ingat Segi Empat Kejahatan

Evidences that victims had been neglected by the criminal justice system No victim’s right to be awarded compensation from the offender No victim’s right to state compensation for victims of criminal violence No victim’s right to keep in touch with the progress of the case No victim’s right to call upon emotional and practical standardized support in the period following the offense No victim’s right to be kept informed and to be treated with respect and sympathy by law enforcement agents during the investigation process No victim’s right to be treated with respect and understanding before and during court proceedings No victim’s right to be consulted on the decision whether or not to prosecute, on the bail-custody decision, on the acceptance of a plea, on sentence and on parole release. Andrew Ashworth, 1993

Robert Reiff, 1979, The Invisible Victim: The Criminal Justice System’s Forgotten Responsibility, New York: Basic Books “…The worst thing about becoming a victim is what happens after the crime. Once you become a victim you are propelled into a series of post-crime victimization. The traumatic effects of a violent crime are multiplied by neglect, lack of immediate remedial resources, and the failure of such support systems as the courts, the police, the legal profession; and for the poor, the health welfare, and other human service agencies as well.”

McDonald, 1976: 16: “ Elaborate and costly physical structures have been built to house criminals and promote their behavioral improvement…Millions of dollar of research have been devoted to determining what happens when the criminal justice system touches the lives of individuals who become defendants. In comparison, virtually nothing has been done on what happens to the other group of citizens touched by the criminal justice system, namely, the victims”

KUHAP dan perlindungan korban Porsinya sangat sedikit. Pencantumannya pun terutama dimaksudkan untuk melindungi hak azasi tersangka. Yakni, apabila bukti untuk menuntut seseorang tidak cukup, sehingga penyidikan atau penuntutan dihentikan begitu saja. Dalam rangka membersihkan namanya, tersangka dapat mengajukan perkara pra- peradilan atas tindakan penyidik. (Muchtar Pakpahan, Forum Keadilan no. 10)

Cara kerja SPP yang mirip ‘wind tunnel’ atau terowongan angin (menyedot banyak kasus, mengeluarkan sedikit tersangka), memang menjadikan banyak victim by essence (korban yang memang benar-benar korban), tetapi ternyata bukan victim by law (korban menurut hukum)

Kerugian akibat tidak sensitif pada korban Korban tidak melapor, dark number tinggi Korban melapor tetapi enggan bekerjasama Perspektif dan sudut pandang korban tidak tereksplorasi, kasus lebih sulit terungkap atau terungkap tidak sempurna Citra simpatik pada SPP, khususnya kepolisian, tidak terbentuk karena korban tidak merasa dihargai atau terurus