Presented by: Fikri Farikhin,M.Pd.I
LANGUAGE: Bahasa Merupakan salah satu alat komunikasi untuk menyampaikan gagasan atau ide, baik secara lisan maupun tulisan
KINDS OF LANGUAGE Speaking (berbicara) Writing (menulis) Gesture / sign (isyarat)
We will discuss: A. Letter B. Word C. Phrase D. Sentence E. Clause
LETTER Letter (huruf) adalah simbol bunyi. Ex : a,b, c, d...z.
WORD Word (kata) adalah rangkaian huruf yang bermakna. Ex : Study, book, they, here, hust, at,because,...etc. Note: pengecualian (“a” = sebuah / “I” = saya).
PHRASE Phrase (frasa) Rangkaian kata yang bermakna tapi tidak berpola Subject + Verb. Ex : Book store, old car, very good.
KINDS OF PHRASE Note: Phrase ini ada beberapa macam: Noun phrase :old car, book store Verb phrase: study hard, study English, am studying, am not studying. Adjective phrase: very good, so good, fairly good. Adverbial phrase: so beautifully, very beautifully, beautifully enough. Prepositional phrase: with you, with my friend, because of you, hecause of my friend. Gerund phrase: studying English, reading a book. Participle phrase: known as a writer, climbing the tree. Infinitive phrase: to help, to work. Exclamatory phrase: what a beautiful girl!, how fast!.
PEMBAHASAN PHRASE at glance Dalam pembahasan phrase ini sangat berkaitan dengan word order yang di dalamnya terdapat HEAD dan MODIFIER Head (H)= Dijelaskan (D) Modifier (M) = Menjelaskan (M)
For instance: BOOK STORE M H
DALAM BAHASA INDONESIA TOKO BUKU D M
NOUN PHRASE Frase yang head-nya berupa noun dan modifier-nya berupa adjective atau noun. e.g: OLD CAR Adj N
More e.g: 1. Book store 2. Enough money 3. Someone special
VERB PHRASE: Frase yang head-ny berupa ordinary verb dan modifier-nya berupa auxiliary verb, adverb, object of transitive verb Aux : am studying Adv. : study hard Object of transitive verb : study English
ADJECTIVE PHRASE Frase yang head-nya berupa adjective dan modifier- nya berupa adverb. E.g: so good Very good Fairly good Good enough
Penjelasan kata “ENOUGH” Enough adalah adverb of degree yang berarti “sampai batas yang dibutuhkan”. Penggunaan kata “Enough” Ditempatkan setelah adjective atau adverb
Formula: Adjective / adverb + enough e.g: 1. Am I qualified enough? (adj) 2. He drives slowly enough. (adv.) 3. The juice is sweet enough. (adj.)
ADVERBIAL PHRASE Frase yang head-nya berupa adverb. Dan modifier-nya juga berupa adverb. e.g: a) So beautifully. b) Very beautifully. c) Beautifully enough. d) Seriously enough.
PREPOSITIONAL PHRASE Frase yang head-nya berupa preposisi. Dan modifier- nya berupa object of preposition (noun, pronoun, noun phrase) e.g: 1. With you 2. With my friend 3. Because of you 4. Because of my friend
GERUND PHRASE: Frase yang head-nya berupa gerund dan modifier-nya berupa object of gerund atau adverb. e.g: 1. Studying English 2. Reading a book 3. Working hard