PSIKOLOGI PERKEMBANGAN MANUSIA Eko Handayani, M.Psi ani-stikim-06

Metode dalam Penelitian Psikologi Perkembangan Dua metoda dalam riset tentang perkembangan manusia: Riset kuantitatif Riset kualitatif Riset kualitatif mengalami peningkatan dalam penelitian perkembangan (Parke, 2004 dalam Papalia, Olds, & Feldman, 2007) ani-stikim-06

Pengumpulan Data dalam Penelitian Psikologi Perkembangan Self-report: diaries, interviews, questionnaires Naturalistic and laboratory observation Behavioral and performance measures ani-stikim-06

Disain Penelitian Dasar dalam Penelitian Psikologi Perkembangan Studi kasus Studi etnografis Studi korelasional Eksperimen ani-stikim-06

Disain Penelitian dalam Penelitian Psikologi Perkembangan Longitudinal studies Meneliti orang atau kelompok yang sama lebih dari satu kali, kadang-kadang selama bertahun-tahun Menyatakan bagaimana orang berubah atau tetap sama sejalan dengan pertambahan usia Mengukur karakteristik tunggal Cross-sectional studies Orang-orang yang berbeda usia dinilai dalam satu waktu Menunjukkan kemiripan dan perbedaan antarkelompok usia ani-stikim-06

TOKOH DAN TEORI PSIKOLOGI PERKEMBANGAN Erikson Piaget Skinner Freuds Vygotsky Bandura Kohlberg ani-stikim-06

TEORI PSIKOLOGI PERKEMBANGAN Psychoanalytic  Freud psychosexual theory Erikson’s psychosocial theory Cognitive  Piaget’s cognitive stage theory Information processing theory Contextual  Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory, Vygotsky Freuds Erikson Piaget ani-stikim-06

PSIKOANALISA Development of Personality Freuds Oral 12 – 18 bulan Anal 1 ½ - 3 tahun Phallic 3 – 6 tahun Laten 6 – puber Genital Setelah puber ani-stikim-06

Erikson PSIKOSOSIAL “Humans have the potential to solve their own conflicts and anxieties as they develop” ani-stikim-06

PSIKOSOSIAL Psychosocial Stages Each stage consists of a unique developmental task that confronts the individual with a crisis that must be faced I Trust vs Mistrust Infancy II Autonomy vs Shame & Doubt Toddlerhood II Initiative vs Guilt Early Childhood IV Industry vs Inferiority MiddleChildhood V Identitiy vs Identity Confusion Adolescence VI Intimacy vs Isolation Young Adulthood VII Generativity vs Stagnation Middle Adulthood VIII Integrity vs Despair Late Adulthood ani-stikim-06

COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT Stages of Cognitive Development Piaget 11 – 15 tahun Formal Operational stage 7 – 11 tahun Concrete Operational stage 2 – 7 tahun Preoperational stage 0 – 2 tahun Sensorimotor stage ani-stikim-06

CONTEXTUALIST Main Concept Vygotsky “Learning is cognitive development through social interaction” ani-stikim-06

SOCIAL LEARNING THEORY Main Concept Bandura ani-stikim-06

BEHAVIORISM Main Concept Skinner Operant Conditioning Punishment Reinforcement ani-stikim-06

MORAL DEVELOPMENT Main Concept Kohlberg Heinz Steals the Drug In Europe, a woman was near death from a special kind of cancer. There was one drug that the doctors thought might save her. It was a form of radium that a druggist in the same town had recently discovered. The drug was expensive to make, but the druggist was charging ten times what the drug cost him to make. He paid $200 for the radium and charged $2,000 for a small dose of the drug. The sick woman's husband, Heinz, went to everyone he knew to borrow the money, but he could only get together about $ 1,000 which is half of what it cost. He told the druggist that his wife was dying and asked him to sell it cheaper or let him pay later. But the druggist said: "No, I discovered the drug and I'm going to make money from it." So Heinz got desperate and broke into the man's store to steal the drug-for his wife. Should the husband have done that? (Kohlberg, 1963, p. 19) ani-stikim-06

MORAL DEVELOPMENT Moral Stages Kohlberg PRE CONVENTIONAL I. OBEDIENCE AND PUNISHMENT II. INDIVIDUALISM, INSTRUMENTALISM & EXCHANGE CONVENTIONAL III. “GOOD BOY / GIRL” IV. LAW & ORDER POST CONVENTIONAL V. SOCIAL CONTRACT VI. PRINCIPLED CONSCIENCE ani-stikim-06

sekian, terima kasih ani-stikim-06