INSTITUT MANAJEMEN TELKOM Materi Kuliah Manajemen Proyek INSTITUT MANAJEMEN TELKOM

PROJECT CONTROL

The process of keeping the project on target and as close PROJECT CONTROL The process of keeping the project on target and as close to plan as feasibly posible is the subject control : 1.Planning concentrats on setting goals and direction, control guides the work toward those goals. 2.Planning allocate resources,control ensures effective on going utilization of those resources, 3.Planning antisipates the problems,control corrects the problems. 4.Planning motivates participants to achieve goals,control rewards achievement of goals. THE CONTROL PROCESS The process is achieved in three phases, setting performance standards, comparing this standards with actual performance, then taking necessary correction action. INFORMATION MONITORING 1.Data collecting 2.Information reporting

Dalam kegiatan proyek ,Proyek Manajer harus melakukan : EVALUASI PROYEK Dalam kegiatan proyek ,Proyek Manajer harus melakukan : Pengecekan kegiatan Melakukan evaluasi Melakukan koreksi sehingga pencapaian proyek (jadwal, biaya, prestasi fisik) dapat dijaga sesuai target. METODA EVALUASI PROYEK 1.Formative Evaluation Dilakukan selama perjalanan proyek 2.Summary Evaluation Dilakukan setelah proyek selesai INFORMASI UTAMA DALAM EVALUASI PROYEK 1.Graphics (Chart & Tabel) 2.Laporan (Lisan & Tulisan) 3.Observasi 4.Review Meeting

Budgeted cost – Committed cost = Variance Controlling Cash Control during the life of projecek : plan, publish, measure, compare, report, forecast, and correct. Budget preparation : data collection, WBS, cost centre codes, System budget : budget , commited cost, actual cost. Budgeted cost – Committed cost = Variance Negative Variance means that : Poor control Extra unbudgetted works was included Some activity cost were underestimated

PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS Variance Analysis Analisis Biaya dan Jadwal menggunakan Nilai Hasil a. Budgeted Cost of the work scheduled (BCWS) yaitu Jumlah anggaran yang disediakan untuk menyelesaikan kegiatan yang telah ditargetkan b. Actual Cost of the work Performed (ACWP) yaitu Jumlah biaya aktual dari pekerjaan yang telah dilaksanakan c. Budgeted Cost of the work Performed (BCWP) yaitu : Jumlah dana yang telah dikeluarkan untuk menyelesaikan kegiatan yang telah ditargetkan Variance Analysis AV = BCWS – ACWP (Accounting Variance) CV = BCWP – ACWP (Cost Variance) SV = BCWP – BCWS (Schedule Variance) TV = SD – BCSP (Time Variance) SD = Status date (ex. : week 20) BCSP = The date where BCWS = BCWP

Variance Variance menunjukkan besarnya penyimpangan yang terjadi pada suatu titik waktu/saat pelaporan. Variansi Biaya (Cost Variance) = BCWP – ACWP Variansi Jadwal (Shedule Variance) = BCWP – BCWS

Planned completion NOW Forecast Cost Over run BAC BCWS ACWP Cost variance Forecast Project Time slip Schedule Variance (cost) BCWP Schedule variance (time)

Kurva ‘ S ” Varian Realisasi 100 800 75 600 Varian 50 400 25 200 AKHIR 100 75 50 25 AWAL 800 600 400 200 Varian Anggaran J F M A M J J A S O N D 0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 Kurva ‘ S ” Varian

Variansi Biaya (Cost Variance) = BCWP – ACWP Variansi Jadwal (Shedule Variance) = BCWP – BCWS ACWP = Actual Cost of Work Performed BCWP = Budgeted Cost of Work Performed BCWS = Budgeted cost of Work Schedule Uraian Jan Feb Mar Apr Mei Jun Jul Agt Anggaran BCWS 60 140 280 480 660 870 1020 1080 Pengeluaran ACWP 50 210 410 640 840 750 890 950 Nilai Hasil BCWP 40 100 380 530 900 880 Varinsi Biaya -10 -110 -200 -260 -310 -90 10 -70 Variansi Jadwal -20 -40 -100 -130 -210 -120

PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS (Continued) 2.Technical Analysis Nilai aktual parameter teknis (yg didapat dari estimasi, pengukuran analitis, dan tes empiris) harus dibandingkan dengan parameter teknis yang diinginkan, untuk mengevaluasi dan mengukur perbedaan antara pencapaian dan keinginan (sasaran). 3.Performance Index Kinerja suatu proyek dapat diukur menggunakan Indeks Kinerja (performance index) : Indeks Kinerja Jadwal (Schedule Performance Index) SPI = BCWP/ACWP SPI < 1 berarti Waktu Pelaksanaan > Jadwal Indeks Kinerja Biaya (Cost Performance Index) CPI = BCWP/ACWP CPI < 1 berarti Pengeluaran > Anggaran.

PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS (Lanjutan) Untuk mengetahui sampai sejauh mana pelaksanaan proyek telah dilaksanakan,dilakukan dengan menghitung CRITICAL RATIO (CR) Actual Progress Budgeted Cost CR = ---------------------- x ------------------- Scheduled Progress Actual Cost JIKA : CR = 1  Proyek kemungkinan selesai sesuai target CR ≠ 1  Proyek memerlukan penanganan untuk memonitor dan mengendalikan proyek Forecasting “To Complete” and “At Completion” FCTC (Forecasted Cost To Complete Project) BCAC - BCWP = ------------------- BCAC = budgeted cost at completion CPI for the project FCAC (Forecasted Cost at Completion) = ACWP + FCTC

The Project Completion = 20 + (47-19)/SPI Status Date (SD) Forecasted ACWP FCAC BCAC FCTC BCWS ACWP Forecasted BCWP BCWP Revised Completion date Initial target date 19 20 47 50 The Project Completion = 20 + (47-19)/SPI

SOAL LATIHAN

KEGIATAN YANG MENDA-HULUI DURASI (MINGGU) BIAYA LANGSUNG PER MINGGU ($K) PENYELE -SAIAN KEGIATAN DLM (%) BIAYA YANG TELAH DIBELANJAKAN ($K) A - 10 100 B 8 72 C 6 18 96 D 4 20 E 2 40 F 21 70 G 50 H 5 I B,C 12 J 16 K L 3 M N H,L 14 O D,K 60 P Q R I,P,Q 13 S M,R 11   620

Pertanyaan : Buatkan rencana biaya dan jadwal proyek dengan menggunakan gambar Network dan Bar Chartnya. Setelah proyek berjalan 30 minggu, apa komentar saudara yang meliputi (AV, SV dan CV) serta berapa FCAC (Forecasted Cost At Completion).

INSTITUT MANAJEMEN TELKOM Materi kuliah 03052010 Manajemen Proyek INSTITUT MANAJEMEN TELKOM

Basic Project Control Steps Define the project scope Develop a project plan consistent with: project scope estimates (cost constraints) schedule (constraints resources available Report progress and compare with budget and forecast Control by taking corrective action

Five Phases of Project Management

Risk Management: Risk Identification Risk Quantification Risk Response Development Risk Response Control

Contingency - Plan for Change

Project Close-out

Project Closeout - Major Phases Obtain client acceptance Document the project Conduct the post implementation audit Issue the final report

Plan the Work… Work the Plan Successful Project Management Plan the Work… Work the Plan Project Execution Plan

Successful Project Completion

Project Planning, Scheduling & Controlling

INSTITUT MANAJEMEN TELKOM Materi kuliah 10052010 Manajemen Proyek INSTITUT MANAJEMEN TELKOM

FOUNDATION IN PROJECT MANAGEMENT Start the project with a strong foundation. The templates and checklist (clear goals, effective communication, and management support) The project proposal , Project sponsor can use the charter template to formally authorize the project and project manager. The statement of work represents the formal agreement between project stakeholders about the goals and constraints of the project. The responsibility matrix clarifies the role and authority of each project stakeholder. Effective communication ,Use the communication planning matrix to identify who needs what information and how you’ll be sure to get it to them As you initiate the project, use the definition checklist to guide the team

Project Proposal (Project name, Sponsor, Project Manager, Prepared by,Revision History) Project Goal ,Problem/Opportunity Definition ,Proposed Solution Project Selection and Ranking Criteria Project benefit category: ❑ Compliance/regulatory ❑ Efficiency/cost reduction ❑ Revenue increase Portfolio fit and interdependencies Project urgency Cost-Benefit Analysis Tangible Benefits (Benefit ,Value and probability,Assumptions driving value) Intangible Benefits (Benefit,Value and probability,Assumptions driving value) Cost Categories (Internal labor hours ,External costs,Equipment, hardware, or software,List other costs such as travel and training) Financial Return Business Requirements(Scope,Major project activities,Out of scope activities that are critical to the success of the project Major Obstacles ,Risks ,Schedule Overview Estimated Project Completion Date ,Major Milestones ,External Milestones Affecting the Project,Impact of Late Delivery

Project Management Context: Project Phases and Life Cycle Stakeholders Leadership Skills General Management Skills Communications Skills

Project Phases and Life Cycle: Divide Project into Phases Better Management Control Review Deliverables and Performance Fast-tracking

Example of Project Phases: Conceptual Design Detailed Design Coding and Testing Training and Documentation Deployment

Stakeholders: Individuals and Organizations Actively Involved in Project Interests Affected by Project

Leadership Skills: Vision and Strategy Establishing Direction Aligning People Communicating Negotiating Motivating and Inspiring Influencing Organizations Overcoming Barriers to Change

General Management Skills: Planning Finance and Accounting Personnel Administration Technology Organizational Development Delegation Team Building Conflict Management Solving Problems

Communications Skills: Writing Listening Speaking Presenting Media Relations Meeting Management

Scope Management: Initiation Scope Planning Scope Definition Scope Verification Scope Change Control

Management activities Proposal writing Project planning and scheduling Project cost Project monitoring and review Personnel selection and evaluation Report writing and presentations

Human Resource Management Organizational Planning Staff Acquisition Team Development

Communications Management: Communications Planning Information Distribution Performance Reporting Administrative Closure

Key Inputs, Tools & Techniques, and Outputs: Communications Management Plan Project Records Performance Reports Change Requests Project Archives Formal Acceptance Lessons Learned

Key Inputs, Tools & Techniques, and Outputs: Risk Management Plan Checklists Contingency Plans Reserves Contractual Terms 42 42

Risk Management: Risk Identification Risk Quantification Risk Response Development Risk Response Control

Management Processes: Initiating Processes Planning Processes Executing Processes Controlling Processes Closing Processes