VIII. SUMBERDAYA MANUSIA DALAM MANAJEMEN OPERASI A. PERKEMBANGAN MANAJEMEN SUMBERDAYA MANUSIA MANAJEMEN ILMIAH PENDEKATAN PERILAKU Perluasan pekerjaan secara horizontal Perluasan pekerjaan secara vertikal Rotasi Pekerjaan
KECENDERUNGAN KONTEMPORER Fleksibilitas pekerjaan Pertanggungjawaban dan pemberdayaan Peningkatan keahlian dan kemampuan Pelibatan pekerja Kompensasi pekerja Teknologi dan otomatisasi Pekerja-pekerja temporer Kepuasan kerja
B. ELEMEN-ELEMEN DISAIN PEKERJAAN ANALISIS TUGAS (TASK ANALYSIS) ANALISIS PEKERJA (WORKER ANALYSIS) ANALISIS LINGKUNGAN PEKERJAAN C. ANALISIS PEKERJAAN PROCESS FLOWCHART WORKER-MACHINE CHART
ANALISIS TUGAS (TASK ANALYSIS) Description of task to be performed Task sequence Function of tasks Frequency of tasks Criticality of tasks Relationship with order jobs/tasks Performance requirement Information requirement Control requirement Error possibilities Task durations Equipment requirement
ANALISIS PEKERJA (WORKER ANALYSIS) capability requirement Performance requirement Evaluation Skill level Job training Physical requirement Mental stress Boredom Motivation Number of workers Level of responsibility Monitoring level Quality responsibility Empowerment level
ANALISIS LINGKUNGAN PEKERJAAN ( Environmental Analysis ) Workplace location Process location Temperature humidity Lighting Ventilation safety Logistics Space requirement Noise Vibration
Simbol-simbol Flow-Chart PROCESS FLOWCHART Simbol-simbol Flow-Chart
Contoh : Process Flowchart
Contoh : Process Flowchart
Contoh : Process Flowchart
WORKER-MACHINE CHART
D. PENGUKURAN PEKERJAAN STOPWACH TIME STUDI NUMBER OF CYCLE ELEMENTAL TIME FILES PREDETERMINED MOTION TIME WORK SAMPLING LEARNING CURVE
ELEMENTAL TIME FILES Elemental standard time files are predetermine job element time PREDETERMINED MOTION TIME Predetermined Motion Time are predetermined times for basic micromotions
Langkah-langkah Stopwatch Time Study STOPWACH TIME STUDY Langkah-langkah Stopwatch Time Study Establish the standard job method Break down the job into element Study the job Rate the workers performance Compute the average time Compute the normal time Normal time = (elemental average time)(Rating Factor) Nt = (t)(RF) Normal Cycle Time = Summing the elemental mormal times Compute the standard time Standard time = (Normal Cycle Time)(1+Allowance Factor) ST = (NT) (1+AF)
NUMBER OF CYCLE
WORK SAMPLING Langkah-langkah Work Sampling Define the job activities Determine the number of observations in the work sample Determine the length of sampling period Conduct the work sampling study and record the observations Periodically recompute the number of observations
LEARNING CURVE Processing time per unit Unit produced