Consumption of Foods Rich in Flavonoids Is Related to a Decreased Cardiovaskular Risk in Apparently Healthy French Women Deby trifena

Consumption of Foods Rich in Flavonoids Is Related to a Decreased Cardiovaskular Risk in Apparently Healthy French Women Louise I. Mennen, David Sapinho, Angelika de Bree, Nathalie Arnault, Sandrine Bertrais, Pilar Galan and Serge Hercberg UMR INSERM unit 557/INRA unit 1125, Institut Scientifique et Technique de la Nutrition et de l’Alimentation, ISTNA-CNAM and Unite de Surveillance et d’Epidemiologie Nutritionnelle, InsVS-CNAM, Paris, France Nutritional Epidemiology Research Communication

Famili Flavonoid polifenol metabolit sekunder sayur-sayuran minuman 6Kelas utama:Flavanol, flavon, Isoflavon, Flavan 3-ol, flavanon,Anthocyanidin

Pengukuran Kadar Flavonoid dalam Bahan Pangan HPLC ORAC(Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity), pengukuran kemampuan bahan pangan menangani radikal bebas oksigen. dll

Flavonoid dan Kesehatan Konsumsi flavanoid berpengaruh pada LDL dalam tubuh Fakta: LDL orang yang jarang mengkonsumsi flavonoid rentan teroksidasi (Dr. Penny Kris-Etherton 2001) LDL teroksidasi:atherosklerosis (pengerasan arteri) Flavonoid melindungi LDL, ANTIOKSIDAN

TOP ANTIOXIDANT FOODS ORAC units/100grams (U.S. Dept of Agriculture&ACS journal) Dark Chocolate13120 Milk Chocolate6740 Prunes5770 Raisins2830 Blueberries2400 Blackberries2036 Kale1770 Strawberries1540 Spinach1260

Raspberries1220 Brussels Sprouts980 Plums949 Alfalfa Sprouts930 Broccoli florets890 Oranges750 Grapes, red739 Red Bell Pepper710 Cherries670 Onion450 Corn400 Eggplant390

Penelitian dilakukan di Perancis orang dari SU.VI.MAX study Minitel Telematic Network Data makanan yang dikonsumsi selama 24 jam 1286 wanita dan 1005 pria 6 kali check up Check up 2 tahun sekali selama 8 tahun melibatkan faktor usia, kebiasaan merokok, dan jumlah asupan energi yang masuk ke tubuh responden

TABLE 1 General Characteristic of The Study Population

TABLE 1 General characteristics of the study population 1 WomenMen n Age, y49.5 ± ± 4.8 * Past smokers, n (%)360 (28)523 (52) * Current smokers, n (%)154 (12)111 (11) BMI, kg/m ± ± 2.9 * Systolic blood pressure, mmHg121 ± ± 11 * Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg77 ± 1188 ± 11 * Serum total cholesterol, mmol/L5.75 ± ± 0.93 * Saturated fatty acid, g/d32.2 ± 1141 ± 12.7

Fiber, g/d15.8 ± ± 6.4 Energy, MJ/d7.2 ± ± 2.1 * Chocolate, g/d3.4 ± ± ± 9.5 [487] ± 7.9 [703] 2 Apple, g/d54 ± ± ± 86.4 [720] ± 64.7 [945] 2 Red fruit, g/d26 ± ± ± 41.4 [559] ± 37.4 [766] 2 Citrus fruit, g/d62.1 ± ± ± 71.6 [854] ± 60.2 [1186] 2 Wine, mL/d50 ± ± * ± [852] ± 86.4 [800] 2

Onion, g/d1.2 ± ± ± 4.0 [317] ± 3.64 [418] 2 Tea, mL/d167.8 ± ± * 237 ± 235 [357] ± 275 [748] 2 Sum of polyphenol-rich foods, g/d404 ± ± ± 268 [1002] ± 291 [1282] 2 1 Values are mean ± SD or n (%). * Different from women, P < Nonconsumers excluded [n].

TABLE 2 BMI, systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, ang fasting glucose, according to tertile of flavonoid-rich food consumption in women and men

WomenBMI 2 P for trend Systolic blood pressure P for trend Total cholester ol P for trend Fasting glucose P for trend Tertile kg/m 2 mmHg 1st22.9 (22.5, 23.2) 120 (119, 122) 5.74 (5.64, 5.84) 5.34 (5.29, 5.39) 2nd22.4 (22.0, 22.9) 119 (117, 120) 5.69 (5.60, 5.79) 5.35 (5.30, 5.41) 3rd22.4 (22.0, 22.8) 0,08118 (116, 119) 0, (5.64, 5.83) 0, (5.23, 5.33) 0,09

MenBMI 2 P for trend Systolic blood pressure P for trend Total cholester ol P for trend Fastin g glucos e P for trend Tertile kg/m 2 mmHg 1st25.0 (24.6, 25.4) 129 (127, 131) 5.83 (5.72, 5.94) 5.77 (5.68, 5.86) 2nd25.2 (24.8, 25.6) 129 (127, 131) 5.96 (5.85, 6.06) 5.73 (5.65, 5.82) 3rd25.1 (24.7, 25.4) 0,73129 (127, 130) 0, (5.78, 6.00) 0, (5.71, 5.89) 0,64 1 Values are means adjusted for age, smoking status, total fat, fiber, and energy intake (95% CI).

TABLE 3 Odds Rations (OR) for the effect of flavonoid rich-food consumption according to tertile on cardiovascular risk in men and women

TABLE 3 Odds ratios (OR) for the effect of flavonoid-rich food consumption according to tertile on cardiovascular risk in men and women 1 Total subjects n Subjects at risk nOR95% CI Women Tertile 1st nd423230,810.40, rd435160,310.14, 0.68 Men Tertile 1st nd ,040.73, rd ,380.96, Adjusted for age, smoking, fiber, SFA, and energy intake.

Kesimpulan risiko penyakit kardiovaskular pada pria lebih tinggi Pada responden wanita tekanan darah sistolik turun setelah mengkonsumsi makanan tinggi flavanoid Konsumsi makanan tinggi flavanoid pada wanita di Perancis mengurangi risiko terkena penyakit kardiovaskular