BAB XII CONCORD AND AGREEMENT

Apabila subyek singular (tunggal), maka verb/auxiliary tunggal Apabila subyek plural (jamak), maka verb/auxiliary jamak Contoh: He comes there T T They come there J J

CONCORD AND AGREEMENT ATURAN – ATURAN DALAM CONCORD Bila subyek mempunyai dua noun yang dihubungkan dengan preposisi/kata depan of, in, on, at, maka verb yang mengikuti bisa jamak bisa juga tunggal tergantung noun di depan preposisi Contoh: - Different interpretations on the same event by various newspapers make readers confused and angry. - A period of eight hours is not enough to finish this assignment.

CONCORD AND AGREEMENT Bila subyek mempunyai dua noun yang dihubungkan oleh together with, accompanied by, dan as well as, a long with bisa diikuti verb jamak maupun tunggal, tergantung noun depan. Contoh: - The minister together with the wives and children attends the meeting. - The minister s together with the wives and children attend the meeting.

CONCORD AND AGREEMENT Bila subyek; the number of + verb tunggal. Contoh: The number of students does the exam - Bila subyek: a number of + verb jamak Contoh: A number of students do the exam

CONCORD AND AGREEMENT Bila subyek: everyone, everybody, somebody, someone, something, no one/none, nothing, no body, anyone, anybody, anything + verb tunggal → kata ganti jamak. Keterangan: kata – kata di atas diikuti oleh verb tunggal tetapi kata gantinya jamak. Contoh: - Everyone likes her. They are happy. - Nobody knows their faults.

CONCORD AND AGREEMENT Bila subyek: each of, each, every, neither/ neither of, one of, either/ either of + verb tunggal. Contoh: Each of students studies hard. Bila subyek menyatakan jumlah jarak, waktu, uang, berat, volume + verb tunggal Contoh: - One hundred dollars is expensive for this hat - Two hours is not enough to do the test.

CONCORD AND AGREEMENT Bila subyek: benda – benda sepasang seperti shoes, trousers, glasses, socks, scissors + verb jamak. Contoh: His glasses are nice. Bila subyek: Gerund dan kata benda yang dianggap abstrak + verb tunggal Contoh: Swimming is her hobby.

CONCORD AND AGREEMENT Bila subyek: judul buku, cerita film + verb tunggal Contoh: Romeo and Juliet is a good story. Bila subyek: benda – benda berbentuk jamak berikut ini diikuti verb tunggal: billiards, dominos, cards + verb tunggal Contoh: Billiards is an interesting game.

CONCORD AND AGREEMENT Kata benda kolektif berikut ini bisa diikuti verb tunggal maupun jamak: team, staff, family, jury, village. Dianggap tunggal bila dilihat kesatuannya. Dianggap jamak bila dititikberatkan pada anggota – anggotanya. Contoh: - The staff is slim. It is composed of five members. (mengacu pada kesatuannya) - The staff are strong. They are always ready to join the competition. (mengacu pada anggota – anggotanya/ bermakna orang)

CONCORD AND AGREEMENT Kesesuaian antara pronoun (kata ganti) dengan antecedent (kata atau bagian kalimat yang mendahului kata ganti). Contoh: - John loves his daughter very much (his:John) - Stephen and Sandra love their children. (their: Stephen and Sandra)

CONCORD AND AGREEMENT Bila kata ‘either’ diikuti oleh ‘or’ dan ‘neither’ diikuti oleh ‘nor’, maka kata kerja/verb dan auxiliary-nya mungkin tunggal atau jamak bergantung pada kata setelah ‘or’ atau ‘nor’ tunggal atau jamak. Kalaupun kata ‘or’ atau ‘nor’ berdiri sendiri verb/ auxiliary-nya tetap ditentukan oleh kata setelah ‘or’ atau ‘nor’. Contoh: - Neither Novi nor Vivi is going to class today. - Either Novi or Wiwit is going to the beach today. - Either Novi nor her friends are going to class today. - Novi or Vivi is going to class today.

CONCORD AND AGREEMENT Kata hubung ‘and’ menghubungkan pemakaian jenis dan bentuk kata yang setara, misalnya gerund dengan gerund, klausa dengan klausa,noun dengan noun, adjective dengan adjective, frase dengan frase, dst. Contoh: - Debby enjoys playing on the beach and swimming in the ocean. - I know Dean as a loyal employee and hard worker.

CONCORD AND AGREEMENT Subyek yang terbentuk dari kata benda yang tak dapat dihitung (uncountable noun) harus dianggap singular. Contoh: - The meat has a lot of fat. - The news of Sapti’s marriage is surprising many boys.

CONCORD AND AGREEMENT Nama – nama cabang ilmu ini berikut ini harus dianggap singular: mathematics, physics, mechanics, statistics, politics, economics, optics, phonetics + verb tunggal Contoh: - Economics is a social science. - Politics has become a favourite subject. Untuk kata – kata all, no, half sangat mengacu kepada kata yang ditekankan. - No motorcycle is expensive - No motorcycle are expensive