Hukum Administrasi Negara

Istilah Hukum Administrasi Negara DROIT ADMINISTRATIF (PERANCIS) VERWALTUNGSRECHT (JERMAN) ADMINISTRATIVE LAW (ANGLO SAXON) PUBLIC ADMINISTRATIVE LAW (ROGER DOUGLAS) ADMINISTRATIEFRECHT (BELANDA) BESTUURSRECHT 2 (C)BH_2007

Teori Residu Van Vollenhoven Hukum Administrasi Negara (administratief recht) Hukum Pemerintahan (bestuursrecht) Hukum Peradilan (justitierecht) Hukum Kepolisian (politierecht) Hukum (acara) perundang-undangan (regelaarsrecht) Catur Praja

At the end of the 19th century, The British constitutional theorist A At the end of the 19th century, The British constitutional theorist A. V. Dicey argued that there should be no separate system of administrative law such as the droit administratif which existed in France.

Negara Hukum Di zaman modern, konsep Negara Hukum di Eropah Kontinental dikembangkan antara lain oleh Immanuel Kant, Paul Laband, Julius Stahl, Fichte, dan lain-lain dengan menggunakan “rechtsstaat’. Sedangkan dalam tradisi Anglo Amerika, konsep Negara hukum dikembangkan atas kepeloporan A.V. Dicey dengan sebutan “The Rule of Law”. * Menurut Julius Stahl, konsep Negara Hukum yang disebutnya dengan istilah ‘rechtsstaat’ itu mencakup empat elemen penting, yaitu: Pemerintahan berdasarkan undang-undang. Pembagian kekuasaan. Peradilan tata usaha Negara. Perlindungan hak asasi manusia. *Untuk diskusi yang mendalam mengenai konsep ‘rule of law’ ini dapat dibaca karya Franz Neumann, The Rule of Law: Political Theory and the Legal System of Modern Society, Leamington Spa and Heidelberg, 1986.

Sedangkan A.V. Dicey menguraikan adanya tiga ciri penting dalam setiap Negara Hukum yang disebutnya dengan istilah “The Rule of Law”, yaitu: Supremacy of Law. Equality before the law (equality before the law or the equal subjection of all classes to the ordinary law of the land administered by the ordinary courts) Due Process of Law (the law of the constitution is a consequence of the rights of individuals as defined and enforced by the courts)

PLURALISME ISTILAH HUKUM TATA USAHA PEMERINTAHAN KENEGARAAN NEGARA 7 HUKUM TATA USAHA PEMERINTAHAN KENEGARAAN NEGARA HUKUM ADMINISTRASI HUKUM ADMINISTRASI NEGARA HUKUM TATA PEMERINTAHAN HUKUM KARYA TANTRA (C)BH_2007

a matter of scientific study Droit Administratif (P.M. Gaudement) a body of specific legal provisions organization of public administration within the French legal system (Hauriou: the regime administratif)

Mengapa Hukum Administrasi (Negara) ? Hukum Administrasi Negara adalah Hukum mengenai Pemerintah dalam kedudukan, tugas dan fungsinya sebagai Administrator Negara Dalam arti sempit, HAN secara prinsip hanya mengenai Administrasi (Negara) saja (dalam arti luas, HAN adalah Hukum mengenai penyelenggaraan kebijakan Pemerintah dan Hukum Publik)

Administrasi Negara Sebagai Aparatur Negara, Pemerintah, atau Institusi Politik (Kenegaraan) Administrasi Negara mengandung pengertian ; suatu koordinasi dan kerjasama dari pribadi/individu maupun kelompok dalam suatu organisasi yang terkendali oleh tujuan yang ditetapkan sebagai haluan negara. Pemerintah “pengurus harian” negara Sebagai keseluruhan jabatan-jabatan dalam suatu negara yang memiliki tugas politik negara serta pemerintahan Fungsi pokok pemerintahan modern Penegakan persatuan nasional dan teritorial Pegembangan kebudayaan nasional Pemerintahan Administrasi negara Tata niaga

Administrasi Negara sebagai fungsi (kegiatan operasional Pemerintah) Administrasi Negara merupakan bagian dari fungsi pokok pemerintah dalam suatu negara modern, yang memiliki tugas dan kegiatan melaksanakan, menyelenggarakan kehendak serta keputusan dari Pemerintah. Teknis penyelenggaraan Undang-Undang. Administrasi Negara menyelenggarakan peraturan perundang-undangan sesuai dengan peraturan pelaksanaan yang telah ditetapkan.

Administrasi sebagai proses tata kerja penyelenggaraan (tata usaha) Birokrasi Sistem Informasi dll

P.M. Gaudemet E. C. S. Wade & A. W. Bradley droit adminitratif is the law of public administration E. C. S. Wade & A. W. Bradley Adm. law may be defined as the law which determines the organization, powers and duties of administrative authorities

lanjutan ADMINISTRATIVE LAW IS THE LAW RELATING TO THE ADMINISTRATION. IT DETERMINES THE ORGANIZATION, POWERS AND DUTIES OF ADMINISTRATIVE AUTHORITIES. (IVOR JENNINGS) ADMINISTRATIVE LAW INCLUDES THE LAW THAT IS MADE BY AS WELL AS THE LAW THAT CONTROLS THE ADMINISTRATIVE AUHTORITIES OF A GOVERNMENT (JAMES HART) (C)BH_2007 14

lanjutan In this respect droit administratif is the part of internal public law concerning the organisation of the administrative authorities and the relations of public administration with the citizens. (P. M. GAUDEMET) administrative law may be defined as the law relating to the public administration. (BRIAN THOMPSON) bestuur sama dengan administratie berarti organ atau fungsi penguasa di luar fungsi pembentukan undang-undang dan peradilan. (F. A. M. STROINK) 15 (C)BH_2007

lanjutan 16 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION MAY BE DEFINED AS ALL PROCESSES, ORGANIZATIONS, AND INDIVIDUALS (THE LATER ACTING IN OFFICIAL POSITIONS AND ROLES) ASSOCIATED WITH CARRYING OUT RULES ADOPTED OR ISSUED BY LEGISLATURES, EXECUTIVES AND COURTS. (George J. Gordon, Public Administration in America, 1982) (C)BH_2007

In the main we shall be thinking of public administration as: In functional terms the process of rule application, that is to say the process through which general social norms are converted into specific decisions for individual cases. The structure of government whose primarily function is to perform function outlined (A) (B. GUY PETERS) 17 (C)BH_2007

lanjutan ADMINISTRATIVE FUNCTION IS THE FUNCTION OF ACTUALLY ADMINISTERRING THE LAW DECLARED BY THE LEGISLATURE AND INTERPRETED BY THE JUDICIAL BRANCHES OF GOVERNMENT. (A. F. WILLOUGHBY) (C)BH_2007 18

PERBEDAAN LEGISLASI DAN PERADILAN RULE MAKING SHOULD BE DEFINED AS “THE ISSUANCE OF REGULATIONS OR THE MAKING OF DETERMINATIONS WHICH ARE ADDRESSED TO INDICATED BUT UNNAMED AND UNSPECIFIED PERSONS OR SITUATIONS” (PROF. FUCHS) (C)BH_2007 19

lanjutan 20 WHAT DISTINGUISHES LEGISLATION FROM ADJUDICATION IS THAT THE FORMER AFFECTS THE RIGHTS OF INDIVIDUALS IN THE ABSTRACT AND MUST BE APPLIED IN A FURTHER PROCEEDING BEFORE THE LEGAL POSITION OF ANY PARTICULAR INDIVIDUAL WILL BE DEFINITELY TOUCHED BY IT, WHILE ADJUDICATION OPERATES CONCRETELY UPON INDIVIDUALS IN THEIR INDIVIDUAL CAPACITY. (JOHN DICKINSON) (C)BH_2007

lanjutan 21 LEGISLATION IS THE PROCESS OF FORMULATING A GENERAL RULE OF CONDUCT WITHOUT REFERENCE TO PARTICULAR CASES, AND USUALLY OPERATING IN FUTURE. EXECUTION IS THE PROCESS OF PERFORMING PARTICULAR ACTS, OF ISSUING PARTICULAR ORDERS, OR (AS USUALLY) OF MAKING DECISIONS WHICH APPLY GENERAL RULES TO PARTICULAR CASE. (W. FRIEDMANN) (C)BH_2007

Organic structure of public administration droit administratif The operation of public général administration (actes administratifs) Materi HAN (P.M. Gaudement) le droit des grands services publics (Contentieux administratif) The study of the control of the administrative authorities by the administrative courts 22 (C)BH_2007

FUNCTIONS AND CHARACTERISTICS Kuliah HAN_2007 FUNCTIONS AND CHARACTERISTICS CONTROL FUNCTION COMMAND FUNCTION FACILITATE GOOD ADMINISTRATIVE PRACTICE PROVIDE FOR ACCOUNTABILITY AND TRANSPARENCY. INCLUDING PARTICIPATION BY INTERESTED INDIVIDUALS AND PARTIES IN THE PROCESS OF GOVERNMENT PROVIDE A REMEDY FOR GRIEVANCE OCCASIONED AT THE HANDS OF PUBLIC AUTHORITIES PETER LEYLAND & TERRY WOODS ©BH_2007 23 23

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