4. Pemecahan persamaan diferensial biasa (PDB) dengan bentuk deret:

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4. Pemecahan persamaan diferensial biasa (PDB) dengan bentuk deret: cara umum: power series persamaan Legendre, persamaan Bessel dan fungsi Bessel beserta anggotanya.

2. Solusi PD dengan deret pangkat Solusi PD dengan metode deret pangkat: Diberikan persamaan diferensial berikut: Cara solusi: Nyatakan fungsi y dengan deret pangkat x. Kemudian asumsikan suatu penyelesaian dalam bentuk deret pangkat dengan koefisien yang tidak diketahui  SOLUSI UMUM dari PD.

2. Solusi PD dengan deret pangkat A. Solusi dengan metode deret Pangkat: Cara: Nyatakan fungsi y dengan deret pangkat x. Kemudian asumsikan suatu penyelesaian dalam bentuk deret pangkat dengan koefisien yang tidak diketahui  SOLUSI UMUM dari PD. 1. Substitusi deret dan diferensial-nya ke PD yg dimaksud

Contoh: tentukan solusi dengan metode deret! 1. Misal solusi memenuhi deret: 2. Bila didiferensialkan: 3. Substitusi y dan y’ ke PD yang dimaksud y' = 2xy y' = 2xy a1 + 2a2x + 3a3x2 + …..+ an xn = 2x(a0 + a1x + a2x2 + … + nan xn-1 ) KIRI = KANAN a1 = 0 2a2x = 2a0x  a2 = a0

maka diperoleh: Sehingga secara umum diperoleh hubungan: Karena hanya deret dengan n genap (even) yang muncul, maka dapat dituliskan (ambil n = 2m): Lebih lanjut dapat dituliskan  extrapolasikan

Solusi Umum PD dengan metode DERET Demikian seterusnya sehingga diperoleh: Dengan koefisien-koefisien yang diperoleh tersebut, solusi y dapat dituliskan menjadi: y Solusi Umum PD dengan metode DERET y' = 2xy Note: n!=1×2×⋯×(n−2)×(n−1)×n

Solusi PD dengan elementary method: B. PD yang sama, tetapi diselesaikan dengan elementary method or separation of variables! y' = 2xy. JAWAB: Solusi PD dengan elementary method: Expanding this in a series of powers of x2, we get: y‘ = dy/dx dy/dx = 2xy ln(y)/ln(c) = ln(y/c) ln(y/c) = x2 y/c = ex2

which, with c = a0, is the same as the series solution Bila solusi menggunakan deret dibandingkan dengan solusi menggunakan elementary method, maka diperoleh: Solusi dengan metoda deret Solusi dengan separasi variable which, with c = a0, is the same as the series solution

PROBLEMS SECTION 1 Have been done for you 1. 2. Solve the following differential equations by series and also by an elementary method and verify that your solutions agree. Note that the goal of these problems is not to get the answer (that’s easy by computer or by hand) but to become familiar with the method of series solutions which we will be using later. Check your results by computer. Have been done for you 1. Assignment 1: Try one of these problems… Name: Class: Student ID: 2. Odd ID: problem 1 Even ID: problem 2